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J Neurophysiol (December 20, 2006). doi:10.1152/jn.01083.2006
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Submitted on October 10, 2006
Accepted on December 20, 2006

Heschl's gyrus, posterior superior temporal gyrus, and mid-ventrolateral prefrontal cortex have different roles in the detection of acoustic changes

Marc Schönwiesner1*, Nikolai Novitski1, Satu Pakarinen1, Synnöve Carlson2, Mari Tervaniemi1, and Risto Naatanen3

1 Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Brain Research Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
2 Neuroscience Unit, Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Brain Research Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
3 Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Brain Research Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: marc.schoenwiesner{at}mcgill.ca.

A part of the auditory system automatically detects changes in the acoustic environment. This pre-attentional process has been studied extensively, yet its cerebral origins have not been determined with sufficient accuracy to allow comparison to established anatomical and functional parcellations. Here we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography in a parametric experimental design to determine the cortical areas in individual brains that participate in the detection of acoustic changes. Our results suggest that automatic change processing consists of at least three stages: initial detection in the primary auditory cortex, detailed analysis in the posterior superior temporal gyrus and planum temporale, and judgment of sufficient novelty for the allocation of attentional resources in the mid-ventrolateral prefrontal cortex.




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