| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4435
Submitted 31 July 2003; accepted in final form 24 September 2003
Neuronal processing in cerebral cortex and signal transmission from cortex to brain stem have been studied extensively, but little is known about the numerous feedback pathways that ascend from brain stem to cortex. In this study, we characterized the signals conveyed through an ascending pathway coursing from the superior colliculus (SC) to the frontal eye field (FEF) via mediodorsal thalamus (MD). Using antidromic and orthodromic stimulation, we identified SC source neurons, MD relay neurons, and FEF recipient neurons of the pathway in Macaca mulatta. The monkeys performed oculomotor tasks, including delayed-saccade tasks, that permitted analysis of signals such as visual activity, delay activity, and presaccadic activity. We found that the SC sends all of these signals into the pathway with no output selectivity, i.e., the signals leaving the SC resembled those found generally within the SC. Visual activity arrived in FEF too late to contribute to short-latency visual responses there, and delay activity was largely filtered out in MD. Presaccadic activity, however, seemed critical because it traveled essentially unchanged from SC to FEF. Signal transmission in the pathway was fast (
2 ms from SC to FEF) and topographically organized (SC neurons drove MD and FEF neurons having similarly eccentric visual and movement fields). Our analysis of identified neurons in one pathway from brain stem to frontal cortex thus demonstrates that multiple signals are sent from SC to FEF with presaccadic activity being prominent. We hypothesize that a major signal conveyed by the pathway is corollary discharge information about the vector of impending saccades.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. P. Mayo and M. A. Sommer Neuronal Adaptation Caused by Sequential Visual Stimulation in the Frontal Eye Field J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2008; 100(4): 1923 - 1935. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Watanabe, K. Takeda, and S. Funahashi Population Vector Analysis of Primate Mediodorsal Thalamic Activity during Oculomotor Delayed-Response Performance Cereb Cortex, October 1, 2008; (2008) bhn170v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Rezvani and B. D. Corneil Recruitment of a Head-Turning Synergy by Low-Frequency Activity in the Primate Superior Colliculus J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2008; 100(1): 397 - 411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. C. Ashmore, J. A. Renk, and M. F. Schmidt Bottom-Up Activation of the Vocal Motor Forebrain by the Respiratory Brainstem J. Neurosci., March 5, 2008; 28(10): 2613 - 2623. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. M. G. Walton, B. Bechara, and N. J. Gandhi Role of the Primate Superior Colliculus in the Control of Head Movements J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2007; 98(4): 2022 - 2037. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J.-J. Orban de Xivry and P. Lefevre Saccades and pursuit: two outcomes of a single sensorimotor process J. Physiol., October 1, 2007; 584(1): 11 - 23. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Tanaka Spatiotemporal Properties of Eye Position Signals in the Primate Central Thalamus Cereb Cortex, July 1, 2007; 17(7): 1504 - 1515. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. P. Morris, C. D. Chambers, and J. B. Mattingley Parietal stimulation destabilizes spatial updating across saccadic eye movements PNAS, May 22, 2007; 104(21): 9069 - 9074. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Dorris, E. Olivier, and D. P. Munoz Competitive Integration of Visual and Preparatory Signals in the Superior Colliculus during Saccadic Programming J. Neurosci., May 9, 2007; 27(19): 5053 - 5062. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Ratcliff, Y. T. Hasegawa, R. P. Hasegawa, P. L. Smith, and M. A. Segraves Dual Diffusion Model for Single-Cell Recording Data From the Superior Colliculus in a Brightness-Discrimination Task J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2007; 97(2): 1756 - 1774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. McPeek Incomplete Suppression of Distractor-Related Activity in the Frontal Eye Field Results in Curved Saccades J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2006; 96(5): 2699 - 2711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Ding and O. Hikosaka Comparison of reward modulation in the frontal eye field and caudate of the macaque. J. Neurosci., June 21, 2006; 26(25): 6695 - 6703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. McAlonan, J. Cavanaugh, and R. H. Wurtz Attentional modulation of thalamic reticular neurons. J. Neurosci., April 19, 2006; 26(16): 4444 - 4450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. T. Baker, G. H. Patel, M. Corbetta, and L. H. Snyder Distribution of Activity Across the Monkey Cerebral Cortical Surface, Thalamus and Midbrain during Rapid, Visually Guided Saccades Cereb Cortex, April 1, 2006; 16(4): 447 - 459. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Campos, A. Cherian, and M. A. Segraves Effects of Eye Position upon Activity of Neurons in Macaque Superior Colliculus J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2006; 95(1): 505 - 526. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Berman, L. M. Heiser, R. C. Saunders, and C. L. Colby Dynamic Circuitry for Updating Spatial Representations. I. Behavioral Evidence for Interhemispheric Transfer in the Split-Brain Macaque J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2005; 94(5): 3228 - 3248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C. Ashmore, J. M. Wild, and M. F. Schmidt Brainstem and Forebrain Contributions to the Generation of Learned Motor Behaviors for Song J. Neurosci., September 14, 2005; 25(37): 8543 - 8554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. M. Lawrence, R. L. White III, and L. H. Snyder Delay-Period Activity in Visual, Visuomovement, and Movement Neurons in the Frontal Eye Field J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2005; 94(2): 1498 - 1508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. M. Klier, D. E. Angelaki, and B. J. M. Hess Roles of Gravitational Cues and Efference Copy Signals in the Rotational Updating of Memory Saccades J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2005; 94(1): 468 - 478. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Tanaka Involvement of the Central Thalamus in the Control of Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements J. Neurosci., June 22, 2005; 25(25): 5866 - 5876. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Bellebaum, I. Daum, B. Koch, M. Schwarz, and K.-P. Hoffmann The role of the human thalamus in processing corollary discharge Brain, May 1, 2005; 128(5): 1139 - 1154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Blohm, M. Missal, and P. Lefevre Processing of Retinal and Extraretinal Signals for Memory-Guided Saccades During Smooth Pursuit J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2005; 93(3): 1510 - 1522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Tanibuchi and P. S. Goldman-Rakic Comparison of Oculomotor Neuronal Activity in Paralaminar and Mediodorsal Thalamus in the Rhesus Monkey J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2005; 93(1): 614 - 619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Constantinidis and X.-J. Wang A Neural Circuit Basis for Spatial Working Memory Neuroscientist, December 1, 2004; 10(6): 553 - 565. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Watanabe and S. Funahashi Neuronal Activity Throughout the Primate Mediodorsal Nucleus of the Thalamus During Oculomotor Delayed-Responses. I. Cue-, Delay-, and Response-Period Activity J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2004; 92(3): 1738 - 1755. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Watanabe and S. Funahashi Neuronal Activity Throughout the Primate Mediodorsal Nucleus of the Thalamus During Oculomotor Delayed-Responses. II. Activity Encoding Visual Versus Motor Signal J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2004; 92(3): 1756 - 1769. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Sommer and R. H. Wurtz What the Brain Stem Tells the Frontal Cortex. II. Role of the SC-MD-FEF Pathway in Corollary Discharge J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2004; 91(3): 1403 - 1423. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
