JN Fuel your research with LabChart
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

J Neurophysiol 75: 1878-1893, 1996;
0022-3077/96 $5.00
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Bloomfield, S. A.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Bloomfield, S. A.

Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol 75, Issue 5 1878-1893, Copyright © 1996 by APS

ARTICLES

Effect of spike blockade on the receptive-field size of amacrine and ganglion cells in the rabbit retina

S. A. Bloomfield
Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016, USA.

1. Intracellular recordings were obtained from 21 amacrine cells and 12 ganglion cells in the isolated, superfused retina-eyecup of the rabbit. Cells were subsequently labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or N-(2-aminoethyl)-biotinamide hydrochloride (Neurobiotin) for morphologic identification. 2. Initial experiments performed on three amacrine cells and three ganglion cells showed that 1 microM tetrodotoxin (TTX) abolished all spiking. This included both large-amplitude and small-amplitude spikes recorded in many amacrine cells, indicating that they are mediated by voltage-gated sodium channels. 3. The center-receptive-field size of 18 amacrine cells and 9 ganglion cells was measured with the use of a 50-microns-wide/6.0-mm-long rectangular slit of light that was displaced along its minor axis (parallel to the visual streak) in steps as small as 3 microns. The retina was then bathed in 1 microM TTX, or individual cells were injected with 50 mM QX-314, a quatemary lidocaine derivative, to abolish all spiking, and the center-receptive field of each cell was then remeasured. 4. Although TTX blocked spiking in all ganglion cells (dendritic diameters ranging from 302 to 969 microns), it produced no significant change in the size of their center-receptive fields. This finding argues that passive, electrotonic spread of synaptic inputs to ganglion cell dendritic arbors is adequate for efficient propagation from terminal branches to the soma; active propagation via voltage-gated sodium channels plays no apparent role. 5. In contrast, TTX and QX-314 had variable effect on the receptive fields of amacrine cells, which was related to the size of their dendritic arbors. Whereas TTX had no significant effect on the receptive-field size of amacrine cells whose dendritic arbors were < 525 microns across, the center-receptive fields of larger amacrine cells were reduced, on average, by 40%; QX-314 produced a very similar average reduction of 39%. Moreover, for these larger cells, there was a direct relationship between the magnitude of the reduction in receptive-field size produced by TTX or QX-314 and the size of a cell's dendritic arbor. This relationship was true whether the change in receptive-field size was measured in absolute terms or as percent reduction from control values. 6. Interestingly, TTX and QX-314 also significantly reduced the amplitude of slow potentials recorded in amacrine cells by an average of 22 and 24%, respectively. However, the amplitude of slow potentials recorded in ganglion cells were relatively uneffected by TTX. 7. These findings are consistent with the idea that, for amacrine cells with dendritic arbors spanning > 525 microns, active propagation of synaptic signals mediated by voltage-gated sodium channels is necessary for efficient movement of information across a cell's dendritic arbor and thus plays a major role in shaping their receptive fields. Although the TTX effects may also reflect an indirect contribution from altered synaptic input derived from presynaptic spiking neurons, the strong similarity between the effects of TTX and QX-314 argues that any such contribution was minor. For smaller amacrine cells, passive, electrotonic spread of signals appears adequate for efficient propagation within their limited dendritic arbors.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 IOVSHome page
G. Hanazono, K. Tsunoda, Y. Kazato, K. Tsubota, and M. Tanifuji
Evaluating Neural Activity of Retinal Ganglion Cells by Flash-Evoked Intrinsic Signal Imaging in Macaque Retina
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., October 1, 2008; 49(10): 4655 - 4663.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
M. Kondo, Y. Kurimoto, T. Sakai, T. Koyasu, K. Miyata, S. Ueno, and H. Terasaki
Recording Focal Macular Photopic Negative Response (PhNR) from Monkeys
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 2008; 49(8): 3544 - 3550.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
S. Machida, Y. Gotoh, Y. Toba, A. Ohtaki, M. Kaneko, and D. Kurosaka
Correlation between Photopic Negative Response and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Optic Disc Topography in Glaucomatous Eyes
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., May 1, 2008; 49(5): 2201 - 2207.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
N. V. Rangaswamy, S. Shirato, M. Kaneko, B. I. Digby, J. G. Robson, and L. J. Frishman
Effects of Spectral Characteristics of Ganzfeld Stimuli on the Photopic Negative Response (PhNR) of the ERG
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., October 1, 2007; 48(10): 4818 - 4828.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
R. F. Miller, N. P. Staff, and T. J. Velte
Form and Function of ON-OFF Amacrine Cells in the Amphibian Retina
J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2006; 95(5): 3171 - 3190.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
R. J. Jensen, O. R. Ziv, and J. F. Rizzo III
Thresholds for Activation of Rabbit Retinal Ganglion Cells with Relatively Large, Extracellular Microelectrodes
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2005; 46(4): 1486 - 1496.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
N. V. Rangaswamy, L. J. Frishman, E. U. Dorotheo, J. S. Schiffman, H. M. Bahrani, and R. A. Tang
Photopic ERGs in Patients with Optic Neuropathies: Comparison with Primate ERGs after Pharmacologic Blockade of Inner Retina
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., October 1, 2004; 45(10): 3827 - 3837.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
M. J. McMahon, O. S. Packer, and D. M. Dacey
The Classical Receptive Field Surround of Primate Parasol Ganglion Cells Is Mediated Primarily by a Non-GABAergic Pathway
J. Neurosci., April 14, 2004; 24(15): 3736 - 3745.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
S. Ueno, M. Kondo, Y. Niwa, H. Terasaki, and Y. Miyake
Luminance Dependence of Neural Components that Underlies the Primate Photopic Electroretinogram
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., March 1, 2004; 45(3): 1033 - 1040.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
Y. Gotoh, S. Machida, and Y. Tazawa
Selective Loss of the Photopic Negative Response in Patients With Optic Nerve Atrophy
Arch Ophthalmol, March 1, 2004; 122(3): 341 - 346.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
B. V. Bui and B. Fortune
Ganglion cell contributions to the rat full-field electroretinogram
J. Physiol., February 15, 2004; 555(1): 153 - 173.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biophys. JHome page
M. A. Steffen, C. A. Seay, B. Amini, Y. Cai, A. Feigenspan, D. A. Baxter, and D. W. Marshak
Spontaneous Activity of Dopaminergic Retinal Neurons
Biophys. J., October 1, 2003; 85(4): 2158 - 2169.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
K. Djupsund, T. Furukawa, S. Yasui, and M. Yamada
Asymmetric Temporal Properties in the Receptive Field of Retinal Transient Amacrine Cells
J. Gen. Physiol., September 29, 2003; 122(4): 445 - 458.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
C. J. Habermann, B. J. O'Brien, H. Wassle, and D. A. Protti
AII Amacrine Cells Express L-Type Calcium Channels at Their Output Synapses
J. Neurosci., July 30, 2003; 23(17): 6904 - 6913.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
N. V. Rangaswamy, D. C. Hood, and L. J. Frishman
Regional Variations in Local Contributions to the Primate Photopic Flash ERG: Revealed Using the Slow-Sequence mfERG
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., July 1, 2003; 44(7): 3233 - 3247.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
C. R. Shields and P. D. Lukasiewicz
Spike-Dependent GABA Inputs to Bipolar Cell Axon Terminals Contribute to Lateral Inhibition of Retinal Ganglion Cells
J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2003; 89(5): 2449 - 2458.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
J. Zhang, W. Li, E. B. Trexler, and S. C. Massey
Confocal Analysis of Reciprocal Feedback at Rod Bipolar Terminals in the Rabbit Retina
J. Neurosci., December 15, 2002; 22(24): 10871 - 10882.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
Y. Yamada, A. Koizumi, E. Iwasaki, S.-I. Watanabe, and A. Kaneko
Propagation of Action Potentials From the Soma to Individual Dendrite of Cultured Rat Amacrine Cells Is Regulated by Local GABA Input
J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2002; 87(6): 2858 - 2866.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
A. Koizumi, S.-I. Watanabe, and A. Kaneko
Persistent Na+ Current and Ca2+ Current Boost Graded Depolarization of Rat Retinal Amacrine Cells in Culture
J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2001; 86(2): 1006 - 1016.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
S. Viswanathan, L. J. Frishman, J. G. Robson, and J. W. Walters
The Photopic Negative Response of the Flash Electroretinogram in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., February 1, 2001; 42(2): 514 - 522.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
S. Viswanathan, L. J. Frishman, and J. G. Robson
The Uniform Field and Pattern ERG in Macaques with Experimental Glaucoma: Removal of Spiking Activity
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 2000; 41(9): 2797 - 2810.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
A. Colotto, B. Falsini, T. Salgarello, G. Iarossi, M. E. Galan, and L. Scullica
Photopic Negative Response of the Human ERG: Losses Associated with Glaucomatous Damage
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., July 1, 2000; 41(8): 2205 - 2211.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
D. C. Hood, V. C. Greenstein, K. Holopigian, R. Bauer, B. Firoz, J. M. Liebmann, J. G. Odel, and R. Ritch
An Attempt to Detect Glaucomatous Damage to the Inner Retina with the Multifocal ERG
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., May 1, 2000; 41(6): 1570 - 1579.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
J. B. Demb, L. Haarsma, M. A. Freed, and P. Sterling
Functional Circuitry of the Retinal Ganglion Cell's Nonlinear Receptive Field
J. Neurosci., November 15, 1999; 19(22): 9756 - 9767.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
E. Hartveit
Reciprocal Synaptic Interactions Between Rod Bipolar Cells and Amacrine Cells in the Rat Retina
J Neurophysiol, June 1, 1999; 81(6): 2923 - 2936.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
M. C. Bieda and D. R. Copenhagen
Sodium Action Potentials Are Not Required for Light-Evoked Release of GABA or Glycine From Retinal Amacrine Cells
J Neurophysiol, June 1, 1999; 81(6): 3092 - 3095.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
E. A. Newman and K. R. Zahs
Modulation of Neuronal Activity by Glial Cells in the Retina
J. Neurosci., June 1, 1998; 18(11): 4022 - 4028.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
P. B. Cook, P. D. Lukasiewicz, and J. S. McReynolds
Action Potentials Are Required for the Lateral Transmission of Glycinergic Transient Inhibition in the Amphibian Retina
J. Neurosci., March 15, 1998; 18(6): 2301 - 2308.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Visit Other APS Journals Online