| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol 62, Issue 2 558-570, Copyright © 1989 by APS
ARTICLES |
P. S. Katz, M. H. Eigg and R. M. Harris-Warrick
Section of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
1. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) immunohistochemistry was used to locate and anatomically describe a set of four muscle receptor cells in the stomatogastric nervous system of the crabs Cancer borealis and Cancer irroratus. We found that these sensory cells, which we named gastropyloric receptor (GPR) cells, are the sole source of serotonergic inputs to the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) in these species. Thus any endogenous serotonergic modulation of the central pattern generators (CPGs) in the STG must be afferent and not descending from other ganglia. 2. There are two bilateral pairs of GPR cells. Each pair consists of two cell types (GPR1 and GPR2) based on differences in muscle innervation and physiological response characteristics. GPR2 responds in a mostly tonic fashion to increases in muscle tension caused by passive stretch or motor neuron-evoked contraction, whereas GPR1 responds more phasically and adapts more rapidly. Both GPR cell types project to the midline STG and terminate in each of the bilaterally paired commissural ganglia (COGs). 3. The GPR cells have sensory endings unlike any described for other muscle receptor cells: the terminals enter invaginations of the muscle surface and end near the z-bands of the muscle. These novel structures may be involved in the sensory transduction process. 4. The GPR cells may contain acetylcholine in addition to serotonin, as indicated by the presence of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in GPR2 (Table 1) and probably GPR1 as well. 5. The GPR cells have no direct effect on muscle properties or neuromuscular transmission: excitatory junctional potential (EJP) amplitude and motor neuron-evoked tension are unaffected by GPR stimulation. However, very low concentrations of exogenously applied serotonin do cause an increase in motor neuron-evoked muscle tension, probably reflecting a hormonal action of the amine. 6. The activity of GPR2 was monitored in a semi-intact preparation. GPR2 is active in phase with normal movements of the gastric mill. GPR2 is also capable of endogenous rhythmic activity. This indicates that even in the absence of mechanical stimulation, the GPR cells may still provide patterned input to the CPGs in the STG. 7. The GPR cells are proprioceptive cells that use serotonin and acetylcholine as cotransmitters. It is important to characterize these cells to understand the role of serotonergic modulation in the production of motor programs by stomatogastric CPGs.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  G. Barriere, J. Simmers, and D. Combes Multiple Mechanisms for Integrating Proprioceptive Inputs That Converge on the Same Motor Pattern-Generating Network J. Neurosci., August 27, 2008; 28(35): 8810 - 8820. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. B. S. Hedrich and W. Stein Characterization of a descending pathway: activation and effects on motor patterns in the brachyuran crustacean stomatogastric nervous system J. Exp. Biol., August 15, 2008; 211(16): 2624 - 2637. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Blitz, R. S. White, S. R. Saideman, A. Cook, A. E. Christie, F. Nadim, and M. P. Nusbaum A newly identified extrinsic input triggers a distinct gastric mill rhythm via activation of modulatory projection neurons J. Exp. Biol., March 15, 2008; 211(6): 1000 - 1011. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. P. Beenhakker, M. S. Kirby, and M. P. Nusbaum Mechanosensory Gating of Proprioceptor Input to Modulatory Projection Neurons J. Neurosci., December 26, 2007; 27(52): 14308 - 14316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. S. Kirby and M. P. Nusbaum Peptide Hormone Modulation of a Neuronally Modulated Motor Circuit J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2007; 98(6): 3206 - 3220. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. P. Billimoria, R. A. DiCaprio, J. T. Birmingham, L. F. Abbott, and E. Marder Neuromodulation of spike-timing precision in sensory neurons. J. Neurosci., May 31, 2006; 26(22): 5910 - 5919. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Le, D. R. Verley, J.-M. Goaillard, D. I. Messinger, A. E. Christie, and J. T. Birmingham Bistable Behavior Originating in the Axon of a Crustacean Motor Neuron J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2006; 95(3): 1356 - 1368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. P. Beenhakker, N. D. DeLong, S. R. Saideman, F. Nadim, and M. P. Nusbaum Proprioceptor Regulation of Motor Circuit Activity by Presynaptic Inhibition of a Modulatory Projection Neuron J. Neurosci., September 21, 2005; 25(38): 8794 - 8806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Blitz, M. P. Beenhakker, and M. P. Nusbaum Different Sensory Systems Share Projection Neurons But Elicit Distinct Motor Patterns J. Neurosci., December 15, 2004; 24(50): 11381 - 11390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. P. Beenhakker and M. P. Nusbaum Mechanosensory Activation of a Motor Circuit by Coactivation of Two Projection Neurons J. Neurosci., July 28, 2004; 24(30): 6741 - 6750. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Clark, T. E. Dever, J. J. Dever, P. Xu, V. Rehder, M. A. Sosa, and D. J. Baro Arthropod 5-HT2 Receptors: A Neurohormonal Receptor in Decapod Crustaceans That Displays Agonist Independent Activity Resulting from an Evolutionary Alteration to the DRY Motif J. Neurosci., March 31, 2004; 24(13): 3421 - 3435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. P. Beenhakker, D. M. Blitz, and M. P. Nusbaum Long-Lasting Activation of Rhythmic Neuronal Activity by a Novel Mechanosensory System in the Crustacean Stomatogastric Nervous System J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2004; 91(1): 78 - 91. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. T. Birmingham, C. P. Billimoria, T. R. DeKlotz, R. A. Stewart, and E. Marder Differential and History-Dependent Modulation of a Stretch Receptor in the Stomatogastric System of the Crab, Cancer borealis J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2003; 90(6): 3608 - 3616. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Sakurai and J. L. Wilkens Tension sensitivity of the heart pacemaker neurons in the isopod crustacean Ligia pallasii J. Exp. Biol., January 1, 2003; 206(1): 105 - 115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Skiebe Neuropeptides are ubiquitous chemical mediators: Using the stomatogastric nervous system as a model system J. Exp. Biol., March 8, 2002; 204(12): 2035 - 2048. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. S. Duerr, J. Gaskin, and J. B. Rand Identified neurons in C. elegans coexpress vesicular transporters for acetylcholine and monoamines Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, June 1, 2001; 280(6): C1616 - C1622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. T. Birmingham Increasing Sensor Flexibility Through Neuromodulation Biol. Bull., April 1, 2001; 200(2): 206 - 210. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Le Feuvre, V. S. Fenelon, and P. Meyrand Ontogeny of Modulatory Inputs to Motor Networks: Early Established Projection and Progressive Neurotransmitter Acquisition J. Neurosci., February 15, 2001; 21(4): 1313 - 1326. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. T. Birmingham, Z. B. Szuts, L. F. Abbott, and E. Marder Encoding of Muscle Movement on Two Time Scales by a Sensory Neuron That Switches Between Spiking and Bursting Modes J Neurophysiol, November 1, 1999; 82(5): 2786 - 2797. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Blitz, A. E. Christie, M. J. Coleman, B. J. Norris, E. Marder, and M. P. Nusbaum Different Proctolin Neurons Elicit Distinct Motor Patterns from a Multifunctional Neuronal Network J. Neurosci., July 1, 1999; 19(13): 5449 - 5463. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Combes, P. Meyrand, and J. Simmers Motor Pattern Specification by Dual Descending Pathways to a Lobster Rhythm-Generating Network J. Neurosci., May 1, 1999; 19(9): 3610 - 3619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. R. Johnson and R. M. Harris-Warrick Amine Modulation of Glutamate Responses From Pyloric Motor Neurons in Lobster Stomatogastric Ganglion J Neurophysiol, December 1, 1997; 78(6): 3210 - 3221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Bevengut, F. Clarac, and D. Cattaert Antidromic Modulation of a Proprioceptor Sensory Discharge in Crayfish J Neurophysiol, August 1, 1997; 78(2): 1180 - 1183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. S. Dickinson, W. P. Fairfield, J. R. Hetling, and J. Hauptman Neurotransmitter Interactions in the Stomatogastric System of the Spiny Lobster: One Peptide Alters the Response of a Central Pattern Generator to a Second Peptide J Neurophysiol, February 1, 1997; 77(2): 599 - 610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
